Despite considerable declines in poverty rates and inequality in Brazil during the first decade of this century, the country still has one of the highest levels of inequality in the world. Important aspects of well-being depend on measuring individual-level access to resources within households, because within a household, some members may be poor and others not. Traditional analyses of poverty and inequality based on the unitary consumption model often ignore the intrahousehold distribution of resources, which can lead to failure in targeting the population group of concern in policy and social program designs. In this sense, our discussion will be based on an application of a collective consumption approach to analyze the evolution of intrahousehold poverty and inequality in Brazil using the three most recent Brazilian Household Budget Surveys (POF 2002-03, POF 2008-09, and POF 2017-18). Biography: Guilherme Fonseca Travassos is the Werner Baer Postdoctoral Research Associate at the Lemann Center for Brazilian Studies for the Spring 2022 semester. He completed his Ph.D. in the Department of Rural Economics, Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV), Brazil in 2018. He is interested in the following research areas: welfare economics, consumer economics, and environmental economics, with an emphasis on methods of estimating demand systems, analyzing household and intrahousehold welfare, and designing related public policies.